This is because the cold, humidity and pollution, among other things, lower the defenses that normally protect the body against infections.

Causes

- Exposure to sudden temperature changes.
- Air pollution and smoke.
- Smoking.
- Improper cleaning of the mouth.
- Sores in the mouth by using braces or dental bridges.
- Breathing through the mouth increases the chance of acquiring an infection as contact with bacteria, viruses or fungi is more direct.
- Contact with saliva droplets from sneezing and coughing of infected people.
- Fever and nervous tension generated reach mouth sores, because under these conditions decreased resistance and microorganisms reproduce rapidly.

Symptoms

- Discomfort in the area, increasing to swallow food and drinks.
- Presence of thrush in the mouth (white spots appearing on the back of the mouth, tongue and palate, whose appearance is similar to milk curds).
- Appearance of sores or painful ulcers.
- Small blisters around the lips.
- Sometimes alter the taste. -Irritation and inflammation of the throat.
- Serious infections have sore throat, headache, fever, phlegm and coughing.

Diagnosis

The doctor performs an examination on the patient’s presenting symptoms, and observed directly to detect the type of injury and to what extent are widespread.

Prevention

- Proper oral hygiene.
- Using mouthwash to prevent the growth of microorganisms.
- Balanced diet.
- Avoid stress or emotional stressful situations. This can be controlled by natural tranquilizers.
- To provide the necessary defenses agency recommended the use of food supplements containing vitamin C.

Treatment

To reduce the presence of microbes and relieve symptoms is recommended to use antiseptic solutions, as a swish or applied directly with the help of cotton.

When cleaning your teeth, careful not to carve the wounds with the bristles of the brush, to avoid bleeding and pain.

Use of chips and solutions that will reduce the sore throat.

Above all, the patient must stop smoking.

The pain-relieving medications (analgesics) and fever (antipyretics) are good aids to control the discomfort caused by these diseases.

The surgeon selects a ventilation tube for your child to remain in force for as long as you need for middle ear infection to improve and the eustachian tube to return to normal. this may take several weeks or months. During this time, you should keep water out of the ears, and you could start an infection. otherwise, the tube causes no trouble, and probably will notice a remarkable improvement in hearing and a decrease in the frequency of ear infections.

if you have an infection in your outer ear, treatment is with either ear-drops (containing antibiotics) and / or a course of oral antibiotics. If the pain is very uncomfortable that you may be advised to take analgesics such as acetaminophen or anti-inflammatory. If the ear canal needs more attention, treatment may include a thorough cleaning of the ear by your doctor or an ear specialist.

Treatment of an ear infection is relatively simple. Many ear infections clear on their own and require no treatment, despite being an over the counter pain reliever can be recommended to relieve the child ‘s discomfort. A persistent ear infection may require antibiotics. Antibiotics are not prescribed as often as you used to be to avoid over-exposure to antibiotics at an early age. Antibiotics can also be prescribed if the child has had many ear infections in a narrow period of time or if the ear infection with effusion is present. pain relief ear drops may be prescribed to help relieve discomfort.

Doctors in the northern hemisphere are preparing for what they say could be a “hard winter” due to the combination of two infections: swine influenza and norovirus. Figures released recently in the United Kingdom show a dramatic increase in cases of norovirus in recent weeks, which, experts say, could be the start of a nationwide outbreak.

At the same time there has been an increase in the number of cases of swine flu in the country, which was expected due to the “second wave” of the H1N1 virus.

So health officials are warning patients not seeking to severe symptoms to stay home so that health workers can concentrate on more serious cases.

The Norovirus (or Norwalk virus) are the most common cause of acute gastroenteristis (stomach infection) whose symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, fever and malaise.

It is transmitted primarily by fecal-oral route, either by consuming contaminated food and water, the spread from person to person or contact with contaminated surfaces or objects.

Often called “winter vomiting syndrome” or “intestinal flu” (though not an influenza) because pathogens circulating more frequently during the winter months, although they can occur throughout the year.

Outbreaks of norovirus are common in enclosed settings such as hospitals, nursing homes and schools. This is because the virus can spread easily from person to person and can survive several days in a contaminated area.

Therefore-and because it is very infectious, the authorities ask people to present the symptoms of the disease not to visit hospitals or clinics because of the risk of spreading between patients and health personnel.

The Royal College of General Practitioners in the UK recommends that people who show symptoms of acute gastroenteritis that you stay home and off the job during the illness and up to 48 hours after symptoms disappear.

“Patients should not go to clinics or hospitals to avoid spreading the disease to others,” advises Professor Steve Field, chairman of the College.

“Obviously we are concerned with infants and toddlers, the elderly and people whose immune systems are compromised. But usually it is not necessary to visit the doctor with this infection,” he adds.

Although the disease can be very unpleasant, is not dangerous and most patients recover in one to three days.

But a complication could be dehydration due to fluid loss from vomiting and diarrhea, especially young children and the elderly.

Meanwhile, the swine flu cases continue to rise in several northern hemisphere countries where it is entering the flu season. That’s why doctors fear that this winter clinics from being “swamped” with cases of swine influenza and norovirus.

Professor Field says that with good hand hygiene and keeping household surfaces clean and sanitized can help combat both the swine flu and norovirus. “Winter will be a very, very busy,” said the expert.

“Clearly areas of the country will see an increase in cases of norovirus and swine flu at the same time. So people need to be overly vigilant about personal hygiene.

“What I recommend is that we all carry in your purse solution of rubbing alcohol and keep the habit of using it regularly,” he adds.

Recent figures indicate that the incidence of norovirus has increased worldwide in recent years, particularly in the winter months.

According to the Agency for Health Protection in the UK, in 2008 more than 3 million people were infected with norovirus.

The Centers for Disease Control U.S. estimate that 23 million cases of acute gastroenteritis caused by norovirus infection in that country. And WHO says there have been 415,000 confirmed cases of swine flu in the world and nearly 5,000 deaths.